Bibliography of Publications by Project

The projects below are listed alphabetically, with the publications listed chronologically by year.

Biosensors for Detection of Chemical Toxins (Paul Takhistov, Rutgers University)

Paul Takhistov. Biosensor technology for food processing, safety and packaging,  In book: Handbook of
Food Science, Technology, and Engineering, Y.H. Hui, ed, 3:1089, 2005, Chapter 128 , 2005.

Paul Takhistov, Cory Bryant. Protecting the food supply, Food Technology  60(7):34-43, 2006.


Botulinum Neurotoxin Sensing Technologies (Eric Johnson, University of Wisconsin–Madison)

Sudheer Sridharamurthy, Abhishek Agarwal, David Beebe, Hongrui Jiang. A fluidic chemical and biological sensing mechanism with high transduction based on dissolvable membranes, Digest of Technical Papers, 12th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, Transducers 2005, Seoul, South Korea June 5-9, pp. 1820-1823, 2005.

Sudheer Sridharamurthy, Abhishek Agarwal, Liang Dong, Hongrui Jiang. A wireless chemical and biological microsensor based on dissolvable membranes, Technical Digest of the 4th IEEE Conference on Sensors Irvine, CA, pp. 476-479, Nov 2005.

Liang Dong, Hongrui Jiang. pH-adaptive microlenses using pinned liquid-liquid interfaces actuated by ph-responsive hydrogel, Applied Physics Letters 89(21): 211120, 2006.

Joon-Seo Park, Sarah Teren, William Tepp, David Beebe, Eric Johnson, Nicholas Abbott. Formation of Oligopeptide-Based Polymeric Membranes at Interfaces between Aqueous Phases and Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Chemistry of Materials  18(26): 6147-6151, 2006.

Joon-Seo Park, Chang-Hyun Jang, Matthew L. Tingey, Aaron M. Lowe, and Nicholas L. Abbott. Influence of 4-Cyano-4’-Biphenylcarboxylic Acid on the Orientational Ordering of Cyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystals at Chemically Functionalized Surfaces, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science  304: 459-473, 2006.

Sudheer Sridharamurthy, Abhishek Agarwal, David Beebe, Hongrui Jiang. Dissolvable membranes as sensing elements for microfluidics based biological/chemical sensors, Lab on a Chip  6:840-842, 2006.

Liang Dong, Abhishek Agarwal, David Beebe, Hongrui Jiang. Adaptive Liquid Microlenses Activated by Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels, Nature  442(7102):551-554, 2006.

Liang Dong, Abhishek Agarwal, David Beebe, Hongrui Jiang. . Variable-focus liquid microlenses and microlens arrays actuated by thermoresponsive hydrogels, Advanced Materials  19(3): 401-405, 2007.

Liang Dong, Hongrui Jiang. A tunable and movable liquid microlens in-situ fabricated within microfluidic channels, Applied Physics Letters  91: 041109, 2007.

Megan Frisk, William Tepp, Guangyun Lin, Eric Johnson, David Beebe. Substrate-modified hydrogels for autonomous sensing of botulinum neurotoxin type A, Chemistry of Materials  19(24): 5842-5844, 2007.

Sudheer Sridharamurthy, Hongrui Jiang. A microfluidic device to acquire gaseous samples via surface tension held gas-liquid interface, IEEE Sensors Journal  7(9):1315-1316, 2007.

Abhishek Agarwal, Liang Dong, David Beebe, Hongrui Jiang. Autonomously-triggered microfluidic cooling using thermo-responsive hydrogels, Lab on a Chip  7:310-315, 2007.

Kim, D., S. Mohanty and D. J. Beebe. Hydrogel-based reconfigurable components for microfluidic devices, Lab on a Chip  7(2): 193-198, 2007
Sudheer Sridharamurthy, Liang Dong, Hongrui Jiang. A microfluidic chemical/biological sensing system based on membrane dissolution and optical absorption, Measurement Science and Technology  (18): 201-207, 2007.

Liang Dong, Hongrui Jiang. Autonomous microfluidics with stimuli-responsive hydrogels, Soft Matter  3:1223-1230, 2007.

S.S. Sridharamurthy, K. D. Cadwell, N.L Abbott and H. Jiang. A microstructure for detection of vapor-phase analytes based on orientational transitions of liquid crystals, Smart Materials and Structures  17(1) 012001, 2008.

Joon-Seo Park and Nicholas L. Abbott. Ordering Transitions in Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Induced by the Interfacial Assembly and Enzymatic Processing of Oligopeptide-Amphiphiles, Advanced Materials 20(6): 1185-1190, 2008.


Consequence Management System (Jeff Sholl, BT Safety LLC)

Andrew Jaine. A predictive modeling and decision making tool to facilitate government and industry response to an intentional contamination of the food supply, Proceedings of the IFT First  Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.


Consumer/Citizen Survey (Jean Kinsey and Tom Stinson, University of Minnesota and
State of Minnesota)

Thomas Stinson, Jean Kinsey, Dennis Degeneffe, Koel Ghosh. How should America’s anti- terrorism budget be allocated? Findings from a national survey of attitudes of U.S. residents about terrorism, The Food Industry Center Working Paper 2006-01 March, 2006.

Thomas Stinson, Jean Kinsey, Dennis Degeneffe, Koel Ghosh. Defending America's Food Supply Against Terrorism: Who is Responsible? Who Should Pay?, Choices Magazine  22(1), 2007.

Thomas Stinson, Jean Kinsey, Dennis Degeneffe, Koel Ghosh. How Would Americans Allocate Anti-Terrorism Spending? Findings from a National Survey of Attitudes about Terrorism, Homeland Security Affairs 3(2), 2007.
 

Determining Optimum Investments in Security Measures and Assessing Vulnerability in Information Flow (Hamid Mohtadi, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee and University of Minnesota)

Hamid Mohtadi, Jean Kinsey. Optimum Investments to Mitigate Catastrophic Risk: Application to Food Industry Firms, Sloan Industry Studies Working Papers  WP-2007-23, 2007. 


Development of Biologically Modified Electrically-Active Magnetic Nanoparticles (nano-BEAMs) for direct capture and concentration of Bacillus anthracis spores and cells in various food matrices

Sudeshna Pal, Emma B. Setterington and Evangelyn C. Alocilja. Electrically Active Magnetic Nanoparticles for Concentrating and Detecting Bacillus anthracis spores in a Direct-Charge Transfer Biosensor, IEEE Sensors Journal 8(6): 647-654, June 2008.


Economic Impact Analysis (Tom Stinson, State of Minnesota and University of Minnesota)

Thomas Stinson. National economic impact of a terrorist event: preliminary estimates, Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Thomas Stinson. The National Economic Impacts of a Food Terrorism Event: Initial Estimates of Indirect Costs, In book: The Economic Costs and Consequences of Terrorism, Harry W. Richardson, Peter Gordon, and James E. Moore II eds., Edward Elgar, 2007.


Educational Programs (Ed Mather, Michigan State University)

Trent Wakenight. Creating a skilled and capable homeland security education workforce, Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Elizabeth A. Prebles, Aylin D. Sayir, Dale C. Brandenburg, and Edward C. Mather. Longitudinal Evaluation of Food Safety Discussion-Based Exercises: Tool Development and Initial Validation, Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management 5(1), 2008.



Electrochemical Biosensors for B. anthracis (Vangie Alocilja, Michigan State University)

Zuo Y, Chakrabartty S, Muhammad-Tahir Z, Pal S, Alocilja, EC.. Spatio-temporal processing for multichannel biosensors using support vector machines, IEEE Sensors Journal  6(6): 1644-1650, 2006.

Amit Gore, Shantanu Chakrabartty, Sudeshna Pal, Evangelyn Alocilja. A Multichannel Femtoampere-Sensitivity Potentiostat Array for Biosensing Applications, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems  53(11):2357-2363, 2006.

Sudeshna Pal, Evangelyn Alocilja, Frances Downes. Nanowire labeled direct-charge transfer biosensor for detecting Bacillus species, Biosensors and Bioelectronics  22(9-10): 2329-2336, 2007.

Pal S, Ying W, Alocilja EC, Downes, FP.. Sensitivity and specificity performance of a direct-charge transfer biosensor for detecting Bacillus cereus in selected food matrices, Biosystems Engineering, 99(4): 461-468, 2008.


Extraction, Concentration and Detection of Toxins in Solid Food Systems (Keith Warriner, University of Guelph, and Subrayal Reddy, University of Surrey (UK))

Keith Warriner, Edward P. C. Lia, Azadeh Namvar, Daniel M. Hawkins, Subrayal M Reddy. Molecular Imprinted Polymers for Biorecognition of Bioagents, In book: Handbook of Bacterial detection: Biosensors, recognition receptors and microsystems. Editors: Mohammed Zourob and Tony Turner


FASTMAN Integrated Device for Detection of Select Agents (Vivek Kapur, University of Minnesota/ANDX)

Sohni Y, Kanjilal S, Kapur V. Performance evaluation of five commercial real-time PCR reagent systems using TaqMan assays for B. anthracis detection, Clinical Biochemistry, 2008; 41(7-8):640-644.


Heat Inactivation Kinetics of Spores in Liquid Milk (Ted Labuza and Francisco Diez-Gonzalez, University of Minnesota)

Sa Xu, Theodore Labuza, Francisco Diez-Gonzalez. Thermal inactivation of bacillus anthracis spores in cow’s milk, Applied and Environmental Microbiology  (72)6:4479-4483, 2006.

Gerry Schamberger, Theodore Labuza. Evaluation of front-face fluorescence for assessing thermal processing of milk, J of Food Science 71(2):69-74, 2006.

Saikaly PE, Barlaz MA, de los Reyes III FL.. Development of quantitative real-time PCR assays for detection and quantification of surrogate biological warfare agents in building debris and leachate, Applied and Environmental Microbiology  73(20): 6557-6565, 2007.

Gerry Schamberger, Theodore Labuza. Effect of green tea flavonoids on Maillard browning in UHT milk, Food Science and Technology  40(8): 1410-1417, 2007.
 

Inactivation of Microbial Agents with High Concentrations of Industrial Sanitizers (Katie Swanson and Bruce Cords, Ecolab Inc)

Bruce Cords. Chemical inactivation of biological agents,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual
Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

John Hilgren, Katherine Swanson, Francisco Diez-Gonzalez, Bruce Cords. Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores by Liquid Biocides in the Presence of Food Residue, Applied and Environmental Microbiology  73(20): 6370-6377, 2007.
 


Incident Management Infrastructure (John Griggs and Omar Helferich, Griggs and Associates LLC)

John Griggs, Omar Keith Helferich. Guest commentary on security and public health protection, NEHA Journal, 2006.


A Microfluidic Approach for Separation and Concentration of Bacterial Spores from Milk and Juices (Suresh Pillai, Texas A&M University and Ali Beskok, Old Dominion University)

Park, S. and Beskok A. Alternating Current Electrokinetic Motion of Colloidal Particles on Interdigitated Microelectrodes, Analytical Chemistry 80(8): 2832-2841, 2008.


Modeling the Public Health System Response to a Terrorist Event (Don Schaffner, Rutgers University, and Craig Hedberg, University of Minnesota)

Arthur Liang. Public health and response coordination: is it good enough?,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Craig Hedberg. Public health response and coordination: the state of the art,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005

Donald Schaffner. Modeling the public health system response to a terrorist event, MN J of Law, Science and Technology  8(1):225-236, 2006 


Models of Interdependent Security in Food Supply Chains (Vicki Bier, University of Wisconsin–Madison, and William Nganje, Arizona State University)

Vicki Bier. Applying risk and decision analysis to food and animal health and security, Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005 


Plasma Technology to Decontaminate Surfaces (Amy Wong and Ferencz Denes, University of Wisconsin–Madison)

Ferencz Denes, Eileen Somers, Sorin Manolache, Amy Wong. Use of plasma technology for decontamination, Food Research Institute Newsletter 17(2):1, 2005 


Rapid Testing for Botulinum Toxin Using Egg Yolk Antibodies (Mark Cook, University of Wisconsin–Madison)

Elizabeth Bobeck, David Trott, Mark Cook, Mingder Yang. Methods in heat-stabilization of Gallus domesticus immunoglobulin Y (IgY), Poultry Science  85, Suppl 1:122, 2006.

Elizabeth Bobeck, Mark Cook. Heat stability of Gallus domesticus immunoglobulin Y (IGY), WI Undergrad J of Science  1:25-28, 2006.
 


Reduction of Economic Impact (William Nganje, Arizona State University)

Nganje, William, William Wilson, and James Nolan. Terrorism and the Grain Handling System in Canada and the United States, Current Agriculture, Food and Research Issues  5:148-159, 2004.

William Nganje, William Wilson, Simeon Kaitibie, Bruce Dahl, Mounir Siaplay. Optimal public and private sector investment in mitigating risks along the food logistic system,   Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Agnes Lyonga, William Nganje, Timothy Sellnow, Simeon Kaitibie and Steven Vennette. Human Factor Risk in Turkey Processing and High Reliability Culture, Food Protection Trends 26(7): 593-600, 2006.

Andrew Lewis, William Nganje, Jeremy Mattson, Dragan Miljkovic, and William Wilson. Investors' Valuing Private Sector Incentives to Invest in Food Protection Measures in the Milk and Green Onion Sectors, Agribusiness and Applied Economics Report  620, 2007.

William Nganje, Bruce Dahl, William Wilson, Mounir Siaplay, Andrew Lewis. Valuing Private Sector Incentives to Invest in Food Security Measures: Quantifying the Risk Premium for Alternative Tracking System, J of Intl Agricultural Trade and Dev't  3(2), 2007.


Reduction of Economic Impact / Risk Communication

Agnes Ngale Lyonga, William Nganje, Timothy Sellnow, Steven Venette, Simeon Kaitibi. Characterizing Human Factor Risks in Food Processing, Food Protection Trends  26(8): 593-600, 2006.

Julie Novak, Timothy Sellnow, Steven Venette, William Nganje. Perceptions of Risk Communication Messages: Applications in a Food Processing Environment, Food Protection Trends  26: 236-243, 2006.


Risk Communication (Will Hueston, University of Minnesota, and Tim Sellnow, University of Kentucky)

JJ McIntyre. Social responsibility: lessons learned from Schwan’s Salmonella crisis,  in Lessons learned about protecting America’s food supply, case studies in crisis communication, Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield (eds.), North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND 19-Sep, 2005.

Julie Novak. Crisis plans and interagency coordination: lessons learned from tainted strawberries in the school lunch program,  in Lessons
learned about protecting America’s food supply, case studies in crisis communication, Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield (eds.), North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND 19-Sep, 2005.

Paul DeVito. Web-based distance learning techniques to train farm and food industry personnel to protect and secure the global food supply chain,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005 


Robert Littlefield. Jack in the Box: lessons leaned by accepting responsibility, in Lessons learned about protecting America’s food supply, case studies in crisis communication, Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield (eds.), North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND 19-Sep, 2005.

Steven Venette, Shari Veil, Timothy Sellnow. Essential Communication Resources for Combating Bioterrorism: Some Practical and Generalizable Recommendations, Communication Research Reports  22(1):29-37, 2005.

Matthew Seeger. From farm to fork: communication and best practices in food safety, in Lessons learned about protecting America’s food supply, case studies in crisis communication, Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield (eds.), North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND 19-Sep, 2005.

Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield. Introduction, in Lessons learned about protecting America’s food supply, case studies in crisis communication, Timothy Sellnow, Robert Littlefield (eds.), North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND 19-Sep, 2005
 
M. Scott Barrett, Steven Venette, Julie Novak, Michelle Shumate. Validating the high reliability organization perception scale, Communication Research Reports  23(2):111-118, 2006.

Matthew Seeger. Best practices in crisis communication: an expert panel process, J of Applied Comm Research  34(3): 232-244, 2006.

Steven Venette. Special Section Introduction: Best Practices in Risk and Crisis Communication, J of Applied Comm Research  34(3): 229-231, 2006.

Littlefield, R. S., Cowden, K.J., Farah, F., McDonald, L. A., Sellnow, T. S. (2006). 10 tips for risk and crisis communicators when working with Native and New Americans. Fargo, N. D.: North Dakota State University Institute for Regional Studies.

Rob Ulmer, Matthew Seeger, Tim Sellnow. Post crisis communication and renewal:  Expanding the parameters of post crisis discourse, Public Relations Review  33(2): 130-134, 2007.

Littlefield, R. S., Cowden, K.J., Hueston, W. L. (2007). Risk and crisis communication: 10 tips for public health professionals when working with Native and New Americans. Fargo, N. D.: North Dakota State University Institute for Regional Studies.

Timothy Sellnow, Scott Johnson, Robert Ulmer, Matt Seeger, Julie Novak, Robert Littlefield, Steve Venette and Kathleen Vidoloff. White Paper on the ConAgra Food's Communication Response to the 2007 Banquet Pot Pies Salmonella Outbreak.  June 30, 2008.

Timothy Sellnow, Scott Johnson, Robert Ulmer, Matt Seeger, Julie Novak, Robert Littlefield and Steve Venette. White Paper on Confounding Issues for Implementing Best Practices in Risk Communication.  June 30, 2008.

Cowden, K. J., & Littlefield, R.S. (2008). Communicating Crisis: Lessons Learned in Conducting Field Research Among Native American Populations. North Dakota Journal of Speech and Theater (in press).

Prebles, Elizabeth A.; Sayir, Aylin D.; Brandenburg, Dale C.; and Mather, Edward C. (2008) "Longitudinal Evaluation of Food Safety Discussion-Based Exercises: Tool Development and Initial Validation," Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management: Vol. 5 : Iss. 1, Article 37.


 
Statistical Risk Metrics (Hamid Mohtadi, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee and University of Minnesota)

Hamid Mohtadi. Assessing the risk of terrorism using Extreme Value Statistics,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005

Hamid Mohtadi, Antu Murshid. A global chronology of incidents of chemical, biological, radioactive and nuclear attacks: 1950-2005.

Hamid Mohtadi, Jean Kinsey. Information Exchange and Strategic Behavior in Supply Chains: Application to the Food Sector, Amer. J of Agricultural Economics  87:582-599, 2005.

Hamid Mohtadi, Antu Murshid. Is the Tail Wagging the Dog? What is the Risk of Catastrophic Terrorism?,  Social Science Research Network: March 21, 2006.

Hamid Mohtadi, Antu Panini Murshid. Analyzing Catastrophic Terrorist Events with Applications to the Food Industry,  In book: The Economic Costs and Consequences of Terrorism, Harry W. Richardson, Peter Gordon, and James E. Moore II eds., Edward Elgar , 2007.


Supply Chain Benchmarking - Wholesale, Retail, and Food Service (Jean Kinsey, University of Minnesota)

Jonathan Seltzer. Food security practices among food retailers, foodservice companies, and
wholesalers: indicators of excellence
,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.


Supply Chain Productivity and Resiliency: Logistics and Transportation (Alan Erera and Chip White, Georgia Tech)

Alan Erera. Providing security to food transportation systems without compromising productivity,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Brian Lewis, Alan Erera, Chelsea White III. Impact of Temporary Seaport Closures on Freight Supply Chain Costs, Transportation Research Record  1963:64-70, 2006.

Brian Lewis, Alan Erera, Chelsea White III. An inventory control model with possible border disruptions, Management Science, 2006.
 

Supply Chain Security Best Practices: Suppliers and Manufacturers (David Closs, Michigan State University)

David Closs. MSU Supply chain faculty focuses on food security, MSU Alumni Magazine  37, Fall, 2004.

David Closs. Dimensioning a secure supply chain,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Edmund McGarrell. The unique marriage of emergency response, supply chain management and food security,  Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

David Closs. Achieving an integrated focus on food security, Logistics Quarterly  11(1):4-5, 2005.

Donald Bowersox, David Closs, M. Bixby Cooper,  Parts of Chapter 12 in Supply Chain Logistics Management, 2nd Edition, Burr Ridge, IL, McGraw-Hill pp.290-293, 2006.

M. Douglas Voss, David Closs. What Should I do to Secure My Supply Chain?, Logistics Quarterly  May, 2007.


Supply Chain Standards (Omar Helferich and John Griggs, Griggs and Associates LLC)

Omar Keith Helferich. Supply chain assessment, compliance and corrective action: application to catastrophic incident planning and response, Proceedings of the IFT First Annual Food Protection and Defense Conference Atlanta, GA, Nov 3-4, 2005.

Karen Griggs, Tom Deeb, Omar Helferich. Track and tracing food supply, Distribution Business Management Journal  1, 2005.

Thomas Deeb, Karen Griggs, Omar Keith Helferich. Securing the food supply network through Web-based traceability, Distribution Business Management Journal  1, 2005.

Omar Keith Helferich. Supply chain security, in Handbook of Global Supply Chain Management, Sage Pub, 2006.

Omar Keith Helferich, John Griggs. After-action report to the American Red Cross logistics staff based on gaps and solution requirements based on DHS research findings for standards, metrics and software solutions, 2006.
 


Thermal and Chemical Inactivation of Select Agent Toxins in Liquid Foods (Ted Labuza and Francisco Diez-Gonzalez, University of Minnesota)

Xu, S., T.P. Labuza, and F. Diez-Gonzalez. Inactivation Kinetics of Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Spores in Milk with a Combination of Heat and Hydrogen Peroxide, J of Food Protection. 71(2): 333-338, 2008.


Use of Commercial Household Sanitizers to Inactivate Spores (Michael Davidson, University of Tennessee-Knoxville)

Black, D.G., T.M. Taylor, H.J. Kerr, S. Padhi, T.J. Montville, and P.M. Davidson. Decontamination of fluid milk containing Bacillus spores using commercial household products, J of Food Protection. 71(3): 473-478, 2008.


Center Staff

Francis Busta, Shaun Kennedy, Julie Ostrowsky. Priorities for Research in Food Defense, Institute of Medicine Center Staff
in "Addressing Foodborne Threats to Health" 247-254, 2006.

Julie Ostrowsky. Colloquy: Toward progress in food protection and defense, MN J of Law, Science and Technology Center Staff 8(1):175-185, 2006.

Kennedy, S. P., “Food Defense: Post-Harvest Preparedness,” Federal Efforts to Mitigate Vulnerabilities in the Food Supply Chain., Testimony to the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology, 2007.

Hoffman, J. and S. P. Kennedy, “International Cooperation to Defend the Food Supply Chain: Nations Are Talking; Next Step—Action ,” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 40:  1169-1178, 2007.

Kennedy, S. P. and F. Busta; “Biosecurity:  Food Protection and Defense” Chapter 5 in Food Microbiology:  Fundamentals and Frontiers, 3rd Edition, (M. Doyle and L. Beuchatt editors), 2007.